Preheat the oven to 350°F. Line a quarter sheet pan (or a 9×13-inch cake pan) with parchment paper or spray it with nonstick baking spray.
Place the 12 tablespoons softened unsalted butter and 1-1/2 cups packed brown sugar in the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment.
Beat on medium speed until the butter and sugar are well combined and creamed, about 1 minute.
Add the 2 large eggs and 2 teaspoons pure vanilla extract. Mix to combine, stopping to scrape down the sides and bottom of the bowl as needed.
Add 2 cups old fashioned oats, 1-1/2 cups all-purpose flour, and 1-1/2 teaspoons baking soda to the bowl. Mix on low speed just until the dry ingredients are incorporated; do not overmix.
Add 2 cups chocolate chunks and fold them into the dough with a spatula until evenly distributed.
Transfer the dough to the prepared pan and spread it into an even layer, pressing gently to level the top.
Bake in the preheated oven for 28–30 minutes, or until the bars are golden brown around the edges and set in the center.
If using flaky sea salt, sprinkle it over the bars immediately after removing them from the oven so it adheres.
Allow the cookie bars to cool completely in the pan on a wire rack. Once cool, lift them from the pan using the parchment (if used), transfer to a cutting board, and slice into bars.