Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C). Line two baking sheets with parchment paper.
Measure and set aside 1/2 cup of the creamy peanut butter for the coating; use the remaining 1/2 cup in the dough.
In a large mixing bowl, beat together 2 sticks butter (room temperature), 1/2 cup creamy peanut butter, 1/2 cup light brown sugar, and 1/4 cup granulated sugar with an electric mixer until smooth and creamy.
Add 1 egg and 2 teaspoons vanilla extract to the butter mixture and beat until combined.
Add 1 1/3 cups all-purpose flour, 3/4 teaspoon baking soda, 1/2 teaspoon baking powder, and 1/4 teaspoon salt. Mix on low speed (or stir by hand) until just combined—do not overmix.
Fold in 1/3 cup mini chocolate chips until evenly distributed.
In a medium bowl, combine the reserved 1/2 cup creamy peanut butter with 2/3 cup powdered sugar. The mixture will be clumpy and moist. Cover and refrigerate this coating mixture for at least 30 minutes (or up to 3 days).
After the coating mixture has chilled, roll the cookie dough into balls about 2 teaspoons each. Working one at a time, roll each dough ball through the chilled peanut butter–powdered sugar coating, pressing gently so the coating adheres.
Place the coated dough balls on the prepared baking sheets about 2 inches apart.
Bake in the preheated oven 10–12 minutes, until the cookies are just set around the edges but still soft in the centers. Do not overbake.
Remove the baking sheets from the oven and immediately press 1 chocolate kiss into the center of each hot cookie.
Let the cookies cool on the baking sheets for 15 minutes, then transfer them to a wire rack to cool completely.
Store cooled cookies in an airtight container for up to 1 week.
Notes
Coating mixture must chill for at least 30 minutes; can be refrigerated up to 3 days.
Store cooled cookies in an airtight container for up to 1 week.