Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add the fettuccine and cook according to package instructions until al dente. Drain the pasta, reserving about ½ cup of pasta water, and set aside.
Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the diced chicken breast, season with salt and pepper, and cook until browned and cooked through, about 5-7 minutes. Remove the chicken from the pan and set aside.
In the same skillet, reduce heat to medium and add minced garlic. Sauté until fragrant and golden, about 1-2 minutes, being careful not to burn it. Pour in the chicken broth and heavy cream, stirring to combine.
Sprinkle in the dried basil and oregano. Allow the sauce to simmer gently for 3-4 minutes until it thickens slightly. Gradually stir in the grated Parmesan cheese until melted and smooth. If the sauce becomes too thick, add reserved pasta water a tablespoon at a time until it reaches your desired consistency.
Return the cooked chicken to the skillet, then add the drained fettuccine. Toss everything together to coat the pasta evenly with the creamy sauce. Season with additional salt and pepper if needed.
Sprinkle freshly chopped parsley over the top for a pop of color and freshness. Serve immediately and enjoy!